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85th Anniversary of the Dandi March – March 12, 1930 – Gandhi & The Salt Satyagraha

Gandhi’s SALT MARCH – India 2005 Mini Sheet – 75 Anniversary of Dandi March (Salt March)

The Salt March, which took place from March to April 1930 in India, was an act of civil disobedience led by Mohandas Gandhi (1869-1948) to protest British rule in India. During the march, thousands of Indians followed Gandhi from his religious retreat near Ahmedabad to the Arabian Sea coast, a distance of some 240 miles. The march resulted in the arrest of nearly 60,000 people, including Gandhi himself. India finally was granted its independence in 1947.

SALT MARCH: BACKGROUND
Britain’s Salt Acts prohibited Indians from collecting or selling salt, a staple in the Indian diet. Citizens were forced to buy the vital mineral from the British, who, in addition to exercising a monopoly over the manufacture and sale of salt, also exerted a heavy salt tax. Although India’s poor suffered most under the tax, Indians required salt. Defying the Salt Acts, Mohandas Gandhi reasoned, would be an ingeniously simple way for many Indians to break a British law nonviolently. (British rule of India began in 1858. After living for two decades in South Africa, where he fought for the civil rights of Indians residing there, Gandhi returned to his native country in 1915 and soon began working for India’s independence.) Gandhi declared resistance to British salt policies to be the unifying theme for his new campaign of “satyagraha,” or mass civil disobedience. – The History Channel [www.history.com/topics/salt-march]

The Salt March Monument, New Delhi, India – CLICK FOR LARGER IMAGE

The Congress Seva Dal will celebrate the 85th anniversary of Dandi Yatra on March 12 by organising a yatra in Baroda. The Congress Seva Dal today said the yatra will start from Sardar Vallabhai Patel’s statue in the city and culminate at Mahatma Gandhi’s statue at Gandhinagar Guru hall. All India Congress Seva Dal secretary Pratap Narayan Mishra and Gujarat Congress Seva Dal chief Mangal Singh Solanki and a large number of activists will take part in the event. Father of the Nation Mahatama Gandhi in 1930 had led the Dandi March or Salt March from Sabarmati Ashram to the coastal village of Dandi. [news.webindia123.com/news/articles/India/20140310/2354790.html] – WEDNESDAY, MARCH 11, 2015 – Web India 123

State Farm Revisited – Astoria, Queens – Noah Pardo, Featured Fade

31st Street & 23 Avenue © Noah Pardo

P.J. Mulder & zoon – Boek en Steendrukkerij (1872 – 1951) – Book Publishing & Lithography – Leiden, NL – Gaia Son, Lowlands Correspondence

Steen en boek drukkerij – Drukkerij Mulder – Stone & Book publishing – Miller Publishing © Gaia Son

The iconic windmill in the Dutch landscape is equally ubiquitous in literature and graphic representations. Here in this painted advert, it is used as a reference as to what the windmill can do, other than pumping water out to the sea, but milling grain. Mulder in Dutch is Miller and the windmill is a miller’s most prized tool- but the stone is the printer’s most prized tool – a smooth limestone surface used in lithographic printing, which was developed in the Kingdom of Bavaria in 1796 by German author and actor Alois Senefelder.

© Gaia Son

Jaarboekje voor geschiedenis en oudheidkunde van Leiden en Rijnland. Tevens orgaan van de vereeniging Oud Leiden 1940 – Yearbook for the history and archeology of Leiden and Rhineland. Also the document of the Union of Old Leiden 1940 – P.J. Mulder & Zoon

Taken from the above historical publication printed by P.J. Mulder & Son, This is the Coat of Arms & Motto of Leiden: Haec Libertatis Ergo – Omwille van de vrijheid – For the sake of freedom – which refers to the time of the Dutch resistance against the Spaniards in the sixteenth century, given the time of this printing in 1940 during the German Occupation, its meaning resounded.

Haec Libertatis Ergo Geocoin Antique Silver – Geocaching Coin – CLICK FOR LARGER IMAGE

© Gaia Son

Peddling of print works on the public street – Het venten van drukwerk op de openbare straat – (Leiden – P.J. Mulder en Zoon, 1895)

© Gaia Son

Title page from Het Venten van drukwerk op de openbare straat by J.J. van Riemsdijk Kreenen

© Gaia Son

P.J. Mulder & zoon, Boek en Steendrukkerij Breestraat 70  (1872 – 1951)

Photo taken on March 12, 2007 www.ipernity.com/doc/288839/16965727 © Michiel 2005

Other samples of printed materials by Mulder:

Board game manufactured by the Dutch Savings Band – www.hongs.nl/index.asp?u=Mulder%20Leyden&vi=li

www.hongs.nl/index.asp?u=Mulder%20Leyden&vi=li

Snow Scenes @ Amersfort Park – Avenue J – Flatlands, Brooklyn

Obscured Fading Ad – Street Art – Yonkers, NY

© Frank H. Jump

© Frank H. Jump

© Frank H. Jump

National Smokestack – Starr Street – Ridgewood, QU

© Vincenzo Aiosa

© Vincenzo Aiosa

Any clues as to what was this business? Just a couple of blocks away is National Compressor Exchange.

Dream Big – Street Art Mural – Yonkers, NY

© Frank H. Jump

Bieren Jacob – Mechelen, BE – Gaia Son, Lowlands Correspondent

Corner of Goswin de Stassartstraat & Heembeemd © Gaia Son

As found on Mechelen Blogt – www.mechelenblogt.be – Jan Smets

© Gaia Son

As found on Mechelen Blogt- www.mechelenblogt.be – Jan Smets

© Gaia Son

As found on Mechelen Blogt- www.mechelenblogt.be – Jan Smets

César Jacobs brewery was located on the Olivetenvest in Mechelen, near the old Winketbrug. This brewery (Brasserie Winketpoort) was, in 1900, founded by César Jacobs (1856-1938) in a cooperative with some publicans. This cooperative would hold out until 1906, after César Jacobs tried it on his own. – Mechelen Mapt

Guinness For Strength – Donnybrook – Clinton Street, LES – NYC

© Frank H. Jump

© Frank H. Jump

© Frank H. Jump

Guinness for Strength

edenpictures Flickr photostream

Getty Square Auto & Hardware – Yonkers: The City of Gracious Living

© Frank H. Jump